Treatment of positive catheter tip culture without bloodstream infections in critically ill patients. A case-cohort study from the OUTCOMEREA network - Inserm - Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Intensive Care Medicine Année : 2024

Treatment of positive catheter tip culture without bloodstream infections in critically ill patients. A case-cohort study from the OUTCOMEREA network

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Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the impact on subsequent infections and mortality of an adequate antimicrobial therapy within 48 h after catheter removal in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with positive catheter tip culture. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from 29 centers of the OUTCOMEREA network. We developed a propensity score (PS) for adequate antimicrobial treatment, based on expert opinion of 45 attending physicians. We conducted a 1:1 case-cohort study matched on the PS score of being adequately treated. A PS-matched subdistribution hazard model was used for detecting subsequent infections and a PS-matched Cox model was used to evaluate the impact of antibiotic therapy on mortality. Results: We included 427 patients with a catheter tip culture positive with potentially pathogenic microorganisms. We matched 150 patients with an adequate antimicrobial therapy with 150 controls. In the matched population, 30 (10%) subsequent infections were observed and 62 patients died within 30 days. Using subdistribution hazard models, the daily risk to develop subsequent infection up to Day-30 was similar between treated and non-treated groups (subdistribution hazard ratio [sHR] 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62-1.89, p = 0.78). Using Cox proportional hazard models, the 30-day mortality risk was similar between treated and non-treated groups (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.45-1.74, p = 0.73). Conclusions: Antimicrobial therapy was not associated with decreased risk of subsequent infection or death in short-term catheter tip colonization in critically ill patients. Antibiotics may be unnecessary for positive catheter tip cultures.
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inserm-04635774 , version 1 (04-07-2024)

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Niccolò Buetti, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Mireille Adda, Stéphane Ruckly, Cédric Bruel, et al.. Treatment of positive catheter tip culture without bloodstream infections in critically ill patients. A case-cohort study from the OUTCOMEREA network. Intensive Care Medicine, 2024, Online ahead of print. ⟨10.1007/s00134-024-07498-1⟩. ⟨inserm-04635774⟩
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