Article Dans Une Revue Annals of Epidemiology Année : 2024

Preterm births among male and female conception cohorts in France during initial COVID-19 societal restrictions

Résumé

Purpose: A recent meta-analysis finds reduced risk of preterm birth (PTB; <37 weeks gestational age) during the initial stage of COVID-19 in which infection rates remained relatively low but many societies imposed restrictions on movement. None of this work, however, examines sex-specific responses despite much literature on other ambient "shocks" which would predict male sensitivity. We use a conception cohort approach to explore potential sex-specific PTB responses in France, a country which imposed a lockdown in Spring 2020. Methods: We applied interrupted time series methods using national data in France for 207 weeks among 1403,284 males and 1341,359 females conceived from 19 Jan 2016 to 6 Jan 2020. Results: For males in utero, the 1st COVID-19 societal lockdown corresponds with a - 0.60 per 100 conception reduction in PTB cases per week, for 12 consecutive weeks (95% confidence interval [CI]: -.36, -.84). For females in utero, the PTB reduction is smaller (-0.40 reduction per 100 conceptions, for 10 consecutive weeks, 95% CI: -.15, -.61). A formal test of sex differences in the PTB response indicates a stronger reduction in male (vs. female) PTB during the lockdown (p = .001). Conclusions: Explanations for the counterintuitive reduction in PTB during COVID-19 among cohorts in utero during Spring 2020 should consider mechanisms that disproportionately affect males.
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Dates et versions

inserm-04442302 , version 1 (06-02-2024)

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Tim Bruckner, Shutong Huo, Jeanne Fresson, Jennifer Zeitlin. Preterm births among male and female conception cohorts in France during initial COVID-19 societal restrictions. Annals of Epidemiology, 2024, 91, pp.58-64. ⟨10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.01.008⟩. ⟨inserm-04442302⟩
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