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Chapitre D'ouvrage Année : 2023

The Retinal Pigment Epithelium: Cells That Know the Beat!

Emeline F Nandrot

Résumé

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) ensures different functions crucial for photoreceptor survival, and thus for vision, such as photoreceptor outer segments (POS) phagocytosis and retinal adhesion. Both follow a circadian rhythm with an activity peak occurring respectively 1.5-2 and 3.5 h after light onset. Interestingly, we showed that two rodent models, β5 −/− and Prpf31 +/− mice, display distinct alterations in both functions leading to different phenotypes. Indeed, the phagocytic peak totally disappears in β5 knockout mice but is attenuated and shifted in Prpf31 +/− mice. Conversely, the retinal adhesion peak only attenuated in β5 −/− mice is lost in Prpf31 +/− mice. These distinct alterations have different consequences on retinal homeostasis proportional to the observed defects: β5 −/− mice progressively lose vision and accumulate RPE lipofuscin deposits, while Prpf31 +/− mice develop RPE metabolic dysfunctions and gradual structural modifications indicative of cellular stress. Hence, animal models are useful to understand the importance of the proper regulation of these functions.
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Dates et versions

inserm-04313839 , version 1 (29-11-2023)

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Elora M Vanoni, Emeline F Nandrot. The Retinal Pigment Epithelium: Cells That Know the Beat!. Retinal Degenerative Diseases XIX, 1415, Springer International Publishing, pp.539-545, 2023, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 978-3-031-27680-4. ⟨10.1007/978-3-031-27681-1_79⟩. ⟨inserm-04313839⟩
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