Shared genetic risk between eating disorder- and substance-use-related phenotypes: Evidence from genome-wide association studies
Melissa A Munn-Chernoff
(1, 2)
,
Emma C Johnson
(3)
,
Yi-Ling Chou
(3)
,
Jonathan R.I. Coleman
(4)
,
Laura Thornton
(2, 1)
,
Raymond K Walters
(5, 6)
,
Zeynep Yilmaz
(2)
,
Jessica H Baker
(2)
,
Christopher Hübel
(1, 4)
,
Scott Gordon
(7)
,
Sarah Medland
(7)
,
Hunna Watson
(2)
,
Héléna Gaspar
(4)
,
Julien Bryois
(8)
,
Anke Hinney
(9, 10)
,
Virpi Leppä
(8)
,
Manuel Mattheisen
(11, 8, 12, 13)
,
Stephan Ripke
(6, 5)
,
Shuyang Yao
(8)
,
Paola Giusti-Rodríguez
(1)
,
Ken B Hanscombe
(14, 15)
,
Roger A.H. Adan
(16, 17, 18)
,
Lars Alfredsson
(8)
,
Tetsuya Ando
(19)
,
Ole A Andreassen
(20, 21)
,
Wade Berrettini
(22, 23)
,
Ilka Boehm
(24)
,
Claudette Boni
(25)
,
Vesna Boraska Perica
(26, 27)
,
Katharina Buehren
(28)
,
Roland Burghardt
(29)
,
Matteo Cassina
(30)
,
Sven Cichon
(31, 32)
,
Maurizio Clementi
(30)
,
Roger Cone
(33)
,
Philippe Courtet
(34, 33)
,
Scott Crow
(35)
,
James Crowley
(1)
,
Unna Danner
(18)
,
Oliver S.P. Davis
(36)
,
Martina de Zwaan
(37)
,
George Dedoussis
(38)
,
Daniela Degortes
(30)
,
Janiece Desocio
(39)
,
Danielle Dick
(40)
,
Dimitris Dikeos
(41)
,
Christian Dina
(42)
,
Monika Dmitrzak-Weglarz
(43)
,
Elisa Docampo
(44)
,
Laramie Duncan
(45)
,
Karin Egberts
(46)
,
Stefan Ehrlich
(47)
,
Geòrgia Escaramís
(44)
,
Tõnu Esko
(48)
,
Xavier Estivill
(49)
,
Anne E. Farmer
(50)
,
Angela Favaro
(30)
,
Fernando Fernández-Aranda
(51)
,
Manfred Fichter
(52)
,
Krista Fischer
(53)
,
Manuel Föcker
(54)
,
Lenka Foretova
(55)
,
Andreas Forstner
(56)
,
Monica Forzan
(30)
,
Christopher Franklin
(27)
,
Steven Gallinger
(57)
,
Ina Giegling
(58)
,
Johanna Giuranna
(10)
,
Fragiskos Gonidakis
(59)
,
Philip Gorwood
(25)
,
Monica Gratacos Mayora
(44)
,
Sébastien Guillaume
(34, 33)
,
Yiran Guo
(60)
,
Hakon Hakonarson
(61)
,
Konstantinos Hatzikotoulas
(27)
,
Joanna Hauser
(62)
,
Johannes Hebebrand
(63)
,
Sietske Helder
(14, 4)
,
Stefan Herms
(64)
,
Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann
(28)
,
Wolfgang Herzog
(65)
,
Laura Huckins
(66)
,
James E Hudson
(67)
,
Hartmut Imgart
(68)
,
Hidetoshi Inoko
(69)
,
Vladimír Janout
(70)
,
Susana Jiménez-Murcia
(51)
,
Antonio Julià
(71)
,
Gursharan Kalsi
(4)
,
Deborah Kaminská
(72)
,
Leila Karhunen
(73)
,
Andreas Karwautz
(74)
,
Martien J.H. Kas
(16)
,
James Kennedy
(75)
,
Anna Keski-Rahkonen
(76)
,
Kirsty Kiezebrink
(77)
,
Youl-Ri Kim
(78)
,
Kelly Klump
(79)
,
Gun Peggy S. Knudsen
(80)
,
Maria La Via
(1)
,
Stephanie Le Hellard
(81)
,
Robert Levitan
(75)
,
Dong Li
(82)
,
Lisa Lilenfeld
(83)
,
Bochao Danae Lin
(16)
,
Jolanta Lissowska
(84)
,
Jurjen Luykx
(16)
,
Pierre J. Magistretti
(85)
,
Mario Maj
(86)
,
Katrin Männik
(87)
,
Sara Marsal
(71)
,
Christian R. Marshall
(88)
,
Morten Mattingsdal
(89)
,
Sara Mcdevitt
(90)
,
Peter Mcguffin
(50)
,
Andres Metspalu
(48)
,
Ingrid Meulenbelt
(91)
,
Nadia Micali
(92)
,
Karen Mitchell
(93)
,
Alessio Maria Monteleone
(94)
,
Palmiero Monteleone
(86)
,
Benedetta Nacmias
(95)
,
Marie Navratilova
(55)
,
Ioanna Ntalla
(38)
,
Julie O'Toole
(96)
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Roel A. Ophoff
(97)
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Leonid Padyukov
(8)
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Aarno Palotie
(98)
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Jacques Pantel
(99)
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Hana Papezova
(72)
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Dalila Pinto
(100)
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Raquel Rabionet
(101)
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Anu Raevuori
(76)
,
Nicolas Ramoz
(25)
,
Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud
(80)
,
Valdo Ricca
(95)
,
Samuli Ripatti
(102)
,
Franziska Ritschel
(24)
,
Marion Roberts
(4)
,
Alessandro Rotondo
(103)
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Dan Rujescu
(104)
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Filip Rybakowski
(43)
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Paolo Santonastaso
(30)
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Andre Scherag
(105)
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Stephen W. Scherer
(88)
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Ulrike Schmidt
(4)
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Nicholas J. Schork
(106)
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Alexandra Schosser
(107)
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Jochen Seitz
(28)
,
Lenka Slachtova
(72)
,
P. Eline Slagboom
(108)
,
Margarita C.T. Slof-Op'T Landt
(109)
,
Agnieszka Slopien
(43)
,
Sandro Sorbi
(95)
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Beata Świątkowska
(110)
,
Jin Szatkiewicz
(111)
,
Ioanna Tachmazidou
(27)
,
Elena Tenconi
(30)
,
Alfonso Tortorella
(86)
,
Federica Tozzi
(112)
,
Janet Treasure
(4)
,
Artemis Tsitsika
(59)
,
Marta Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor
(43)
,
Konstantinos Tziouvas
(59)
,
Annemarie van Elburg
(113)
,
Eric van Furth
(109)
,
Gudrun Wagner
(114)
,
Esther Walton
(115)
,
Elisabeth Widén
(58)
,
Eleftheria Zeggini
(116)
,
Stephanie Zerwas
(1)
,
Stephan Zipfel
(117)
,
Andrew Bergen
(118)
,
Joseph Boden
(119)
,
Harry Brandt
(120)
,
Steven Crawford
(120)
,
Katherine Halmi
(121)
,
L. John Horwood
(119)
,
Craig Johnson
(122)
,
Allan Kaplan
(123)
,
James Brian Alexander Mitchell
,
Walter Kaye
(124)
,
Catherine Olsen
(7)
,
John Pearson
(125)
,
Nancy L. Pedersen
(102)
,
Michael Strober
(126)
,
Thomas Werge
(127)
,
David C Whiteman
(7)
,
D. Blake Woodside
(128)
,
Jakob Grove
(11)
,
Anjali K. Henders
(129)
,
Janne Larsen
(130)
,
Richard Parker
(7)
,
Liselotte Petersen
(131)
,
Jennifer Jordan
(119)
,
Martin Kennedy
(119)
,
Andreas Birgegård
(12)
,
Paul Lichtenstein
(8)
,
Claes Norring
(12)
,
Mikael Landén
(132)
,
Preben Bo Mortensen
(133)
,
Renato Polimanti
(134)
,
Jeanette Mcclintick
(135)
,
Amy Adkins
(40)
,
Fazil Aliev
(40)
,
Silviu-Alin Bacanu
(40)
,
Anthony Batzler
(136)
,
Sarah Bertelsen
(66)
,
Joanna M. Biernacka
(137)
,
Tim Bigdeli
(138)
,
Li-Shiun Chen
(3)
,
Toni-Kim Clarke
(139)
,
Franziska Degenhardt
(140)
,
Anna Docherty
(141)
,
Alexis Edwards
(40)
,
Jerome Foo
(142)
,
Louis Fox
(3)
,
Josef Frank
(143)
,
Laura Hack
(46)
,
Annette M. Hartmann
(133)
,
Sarah Hartz
(3)
,
Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
(144)
,
Colin Hodgkinson
(145, 146)
,
Per Hoffmann
(147)
,
Jouke-Jan Hottenga
(58)
,
Bettina Konte
(148)
,
Jari Lahti
(76)
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Marius Lahti-Pulkkinen
(76)
,
Dongbing Lai
(135)
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Lannie Ligthart
(58)
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Anu Loukola
(149)
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Brion Maher
(150)
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Hamdi Mbarek
(151)
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Andrew Mcintosh
(152)
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Matthew Mcqueen
(153)
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Jacquelyn Meyers
(149)
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Yuri Milaneschi
(154)
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Teemu Palviainen
(40)
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Roseann Peterson
(136)
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Euijung Ryu
(3)
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Nancy Saccone
(40)
,
Jessica Salvatore
(124)
,
Sandra Sanchez-Roige
(145, 146)
,
Melanie Schwandt
(155)
,
Richard Sherva
(40)
,
Fabian Streit
(156)
,
Jana Strohmaier
(157)
,
Nathaniel Thomas
(66)
,
Jen-Chyong Wang
(40)
,
Bradley Webb
(158)
,
Robbee Wedow
(135)
,
Leah Wetherill
(159)
,
Amanda Wills
(153)
,
Hang Zhou
,
Jason Boardman
(6)
,
Danfeng Chen
(136)
,
Doo-Sup Choi
(160)
,
William Copeland
(3)
,
Robert Culverhouse
(161)
,
Norbert Dahmen
(14)
,
Louisa Degenhardt
(46)
,
Benjamin Domingue
(162)
,
Mark A. Frye
(137)
,
Wolfgang Gäbel
(35)
,
Caroline Hayward
(163)
,
Marcus Ising
(164)
,
Margaret Keyes
(156)
,
Falk Kiefer
(165)
,
Gabriele Koller
(166)
,
John Kramer
(14)
,
Samuel Kuperman
(165)
,
Susanne Lucae
(167)
,
Michael Lynskey
(77)
,
Wolfgang Maier
(168)
,
Karl Mann
(142)
,
Satu Männistö
(169)
,
Bertram Müller-Myhsok
(170)
,
Alison Murray
(148)
,
John I. Nurnberger
(171)
,
Ulrich Preuss
(172)
,
Katri Räikkönen
(58)
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Maureen Reynolds
(173)
,
Monika Ridinger
(10)
,
Norbert Scherbaum
(124)
,
Marc Schuckit
(52)
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Michael Soyka
(173)
,
Jens Treutlein
(174)
,
Stephanie Witt
(156)
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Norbert Wodarz
(52)
,
Peter Zill
(175)
,
Daniel Adkins
(124)
,
Dorret Boomsma
(58)
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Laura J. Bierut
(176)
,
Sandra Brown
(3)
,
Kathleen Bucholz
(177)
,
E. Jane Costello
(178)
,
Harriet de Wit
(146)
,
Nancy Diazgranados
(40)
,
Johan Eriksson
(58)
,
Lindsay Farrer
(155)
,
Tatiana Foroud
(179)
,
Nathan Gillespie
(1)
,
Alison Goate
(180)
,
David Goldman
(181)
,
Richard Grucza
(58)
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Dana B. Hancock
(182)
,
Kathleen Mullan Harris
(183)
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Victor Hesselbrock
(153)
,
John Hewitt
(184)
,
Christian Hopfer
(35)
,
William Iacono
(35)
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Eric Johnson
(185)
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Victor Karpyak
(136)
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(40)
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Henry Kranzler
(23)
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Kenneth Krauter
(153)
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Penelope Lind
(7)
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Matt Mcgue
(35)
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James Mackillop
(186)
,
Pamela A.F. Madden
(3)
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Hermine Maes
(40)
,
Patrik K.E. Magnusson
(8)
,
Elliot Nelson
(3)
,
Markus M. Nöthen
(147)
,
Abraham Palmer
(124)
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Brenda W.J.H. Penninx
(187)
,
Bernice Porjesz
(138)
,
John P. Rice
(188)
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Marcella Rietschel
(133)
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Brien Riley
(104)
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Richard J. Rose
(189)
,
Pei-Hong Shen
(145)
,
Judy Silberg
(40)
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Michael Stallings
(153)
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Ralph Tarter
(172)
,
Michael Vanyukov
(172)
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Scott Vrieze
(35)
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Tamara Wall
(124)
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John Whitfield
(7)
,
Hongyu Zhao
(190)
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Benjamin M. Neale
(191)
,
Tracey Wade
(192)
,
Andrew Heath
(3)
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Grant W. Montgomery
(58)
,
Nicholas M Martin
(193)
,
Patrick Sullivan
(8)
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Jaakko Kaprio
(194)
,
Gerome Breen
(50)
,
Joel Gelernter
(195)
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Howard J. Edenberg
(196)
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Cynthia Bulik
(1)
,
Arpana Agrawal
(58)
1
UNC -
University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill]
2 Department Psychiatry [Chapel Hill]
3 Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
4 Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London
5 HMS - Harvard Medical School [Boston]
6 BROAD INSTITUTE - Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
7 QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
8 Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm]
9 University Children's Hospital of Essen
10 Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen]
11 Aarhus University [Aarhus]
12 Stockholm County Council
13 JMU - Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg = University of Würzburg [Würsburg, Germany]
14 King‘s College London
15 Guy's Hospital [London]
16 UMCU - University Medical Center [Utrecht]
17 GU - Göteborgs Universitet = University of Gothenburg
18 Mental Health Institute - Altrecht Center for Eating Disorders Rintveld [Zeist, The Netherlands]
19 NIMH - National Institute of Mental Health
20 UiO - University of Oslo
21 NORMENT - Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research [Oslo]
22 Department of Psychiatry [Philadelphia]
23 Perelman School of Medicine
24 TU Dresden - Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology
25 U894 - Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences
26 University of Split
27 The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge]
28 RWTH Aachen - RWTH Aachen University = Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen
29 Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt
30 Unipd - Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua
31 University Hospital Basel [Basel]
32 JSC - Jülich Supercomputing Centre
33 CHRU Montpellier - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier]
34 PSNREC - Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique
35 UMN - University of Minnesota System
36 University of Bristol [Bristol]
37 MHH - Medizinische Hochschule Hannover = Hannover Medical School
38 Harokopio University of Athens
39 Seattle University [Seattle]
40 VCU - Virginia Commonwealth University
41 University of Athens Medical School [Athens]
42 ITX - ITX - unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax
43 PUMS - Poznan University of Medical Sciences [Poland]
44 ICTA - Institute of Environmental Science and Technology [Barcelona]
45 Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston]
46 Stanford University
47 MGP (US 1367) - MetaGenoPolis
48 Estonian Genome and Medicine
49 UPF - Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona]
50 SGDP - MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre
51 IDIBELL - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge = Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute
52 LMU - Ludwig Maximilian University [Munich] = Ludwig Maximilians Universität München
53 Infectious diseases division, Department of internal medicine
54 WWU - Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster
55 MMCI - Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute
56 UKB - Universitätsklinikum Bonn
57 Familial Gastrointestinal Cancer Registry
58 Medstar Research Institute
59 NKUA - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
60 CHOP - Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
61 The Center for Applied Genomics
62 Psychiatric Genetic Unit
63 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
64 Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Leeds
65 Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg]
66 MSSM - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York]
67 UQ [All campuses : Brisbane, Dutton Park Gatton, Herston, St Lucia and other locations] - The University of Queensland
68 Parkland-Klinik [Bad Wildungen-Reinhardshausen, Germany]
69 Tokai University
70 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health [university of Ostrava]
71 Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona]
72 UK - Univerzita Karlova [Praha, Česká republika] = Charles University [Prague, Czech Republic]
73 University of Eastern Finland
74 Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna
75 Centre de toxicomanie et de santé mentale [Toronto, ON, Canada]
76 Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki
77 University of Aberdeen
78 Faculty of Science, J.E. Purkinje University
79 Michigan State University System
80 NIPH - Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo]
81 Haukeland University Hospital
82 IMoPA - Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire
83 Washington DC Campus - The Chicago School of Professional Psychology [Washington, District of Columbia, USA]
84 MCMCC - Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology
85 Brain and Mind Institute
86 Department of Psychiatry
87 CIG - Center for Integrative Genomics - Institute of Bioinformatics, Génopode
88 Program in Genetics and Genomic Biology
89 KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research
90 UCC - University College Cork
91 Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)
92 Institute of Psychiatry
93 VA Boston Healthcare System
94 Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" = University of the Study of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
95 UniFI - Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence = Université de Florence
96 Kartini Clinic [Portland, Oregon, USA]
97 Department of Psychiatry
98 Head of Medical Sequencing
99 Vanderbilt University School of Medicine [Nashville]
100 SickKids - The Hospital for sick children [Toronto]
101 CRG-UPF - Center for Genomic Regulation
102 MEB - Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics
103 UniPi - University of Pisa [Italy] = Università di Pisa [Italia] = Université de Pise [Italie]
104 Division of Psychiatric Genomics
105 Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology
106 Department of Molecular Medicine [Scripps Research Institute]
107 MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics
108 LUMC - Leiden University Medical Center
109 Rivierduinen - Center for Eating Disorders Ursula [Leiden, The Netherlands]
110 MUL - Medical University of Łódź
111 JAX - The Jackson Laboratory [Bar Harbor]
112 Neurosciences Centre of Excellence in Drug Discovery
113 Universiteit Utrecht / Utrecht University [Utrecht]
114 SURFACES
115 EDC - Centre épigénétique et destin cellulaire
116 Human Genetics
117 Internal Medicine [Tuebingen, Germany]
118 ORI - Oregon Research Institute
119 University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande]
120 The Center for Eating Disorders at Sheppard Pratt [Baltimore, MD, USA]
121 Weill Medical College of Cornell University [New York]
122 Eating Recovery Center [Denver, CO, USA]
123 CAMH - Centre for Addiction and Mental Health [Toronto]
124 UC San Diego - University of California [San Diego]
125 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
126 David Geffen School of Medicine [Los Angeles]
127 Center for Genomic Medicine
128 Institute of Medical Science [Toronto]
129 Department of Psychiatry [Pittsburgh]
130 iPSYCH - The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research
131 GMM - Génétique des maladies multifactorielles
132 Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg [Göteborg]
133 Department of Genomics
134 YSM - Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut]
135 Indiana University School of Medicine
136 Mayo Clinic [Rochester]
137 Department of Psychiatry
138 SUNY Downstate Medical Center
139 Edin. - University of Edinburgh
140 Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center
141 School of Medicine [University of Utah, Salt Lake City]
142 University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty
143 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
144 Institute of Human Genetics - Department of Genomics [Bonn, Germany]
145 NIH - National Institutes of Health [Bethesda, MD, USA]
146 NIAAA - National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [Bethesda, MD, USA]
147 Universität Bonn = University of Bonn
148 Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg
149 HiLIFE - Helsinki Institute of Life Science
150 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health [Baltimore]
151 VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam]
152 MSI - Mathematical Sciences Institute
153 University of Colorado [Boulder]
154 Department of Psychiatry
155 BUSM - Boston University School of Medicine
156 Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University
157 Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry [Mannhein]
158 Harvard University
159 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus [Aurora]
160 University of Vermont [Burlington]
161 UNSW - University of New South Wales [Sydney]
162 Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf]
163 Genetics and Pathology
164 Center for Human Genetic Research
165 University of Iowa [Iowa City]
166 TU Wien - Vienna University of Technology = Technische Universität Wien
167 Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry
168 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
169 Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Unit
170 Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine (TRM); Department of Cell Therapy
171 Department of Psychiatry
172 PITT - University of Pittsburgh
173 University of Regensburg
174 Rush University Medical Center [Chicago]
175 University of Utah
176 Department of Psychiatry
177 Duke University Medical Center
178 UIC - University of Illinois [Chicago]
179 Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics
180 Dpt of Neuroscience [New York]
181 Laboratory of Neurogenetics
182 Department of Health and Human Services
183 UCONN - University of Connecticut
184 University of Colorado [Denver]
185 RTI International - Research Triangle Institute International
186 McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario]
187 CLinical Psychology
188 WUSTL - Washington University in Saint Louis
189 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Montréal]
190 YSPH - Yale School of Public Health
191 Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit
192 Flinders University [Adelaide, Australia]
193 UCM - Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid]
194 Department of Public Health
195 Department of Psychiatry
196 IUPUI - Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis
2 Department Psychiatry [Chapel Hill]
3 Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
4 Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London
5 HMS - Harvard Medical School [Boston]
6 BROAD INSTITUTE - Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
7 QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
8 Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm]
9 University Children's Hospital of Essen
10 Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen]
11 Aarhus University [Aarhus]
12 Stockholm County Council
13 JMU - Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg = University of Würzburg [Würsburg, Germany]
14 King‘s College London
15 Guy's Hospital [London]
16 UMCU - University Medical Center [Utrecht]
17 GU - Göteborgs Universitet = University of Gothenburg
18 Mental Health Institute - Altrecht Center for Eating Disorders Rintveld [Zeist, The Netherlands]
19 NIMH - National Institute of Mental Health
20 UiO - University of Oslo
21 NORMENT - Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research [Oslo]
22 Department of Psychiatry [Philadelphia]
23 Perelman School of Medicine
24 TU Dresden - Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology
25 U894 - Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences
26 University of Split
27 The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge]
28 RWTH Aachen - RWTH Aachen University = Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen
29 Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt
30 Unipd - Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua
31 University Hospital Basel [Basel]
32 JSC - Jülich Supercomputing Centre
33 CHRU Montpellier - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier]
34 PSNREC - Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique
35 UMN - University of Minnesota System
36 University of Bristol [Bristol]
37 MHH - Medizinische Hochschule Hannover = Hannover Medical School
38 Harokopio University of Athens
39 Seattle University [Seattle]
40 VCU - Virginia Commonwealth University
41 University of Athens Medical School [Athens]
42 ITX - ITX - unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax
43 PUMS - Poznan University of Medical Sciences [Poland]
44 ICTA - Institute of Environmental Science and Technology [Barcelona]
45 Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston]
46 Stanford University
47 MGP (US 1367) - MetaGenoPolis
48 Estonian Genome and Medicine
49 UPF - Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona]
50 SGDP - MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre
51 IDIBELL - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge = Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute
52 LMU - Ludwig Maximilian University [Munich] = Ludwig Maximilians Universität München
53 Infectious diseases division, Department of internal medicine
54 WWU - Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster
55 MMCI - Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute
56 UKB - Universitätsklinikum Bonn
57 Familial Gastrointestinal Cancer Registry
58 Medstar Research Institute
59 NKUA - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
60 CHOP - Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
61 The Center for Applied Genomics
62 Psychiatric Genetic Unit
63 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
64 Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Leeds
65 Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg]
66 MSSM - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York]
67 UQ [All campuses : Brisbane, Dutton Park Gatton, Herston, St Lucia and other locations] - The University of Queensland
68 Parkland-Klinik [Bad Wildungen-Reinhardshausen, Germany]
69 Tokai University
70 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health [university of Ostrava]
71 Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona]
72 UK - Univerzita Karlova [Praha, Česká republika] = Charles University [Prague, Czech Republic]
73 University of Eastern Finland
74 Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna
75 Centre de toxicomanie et de santé mentale [Toronto, ON, Canada]
76 Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki
77 University of Aberdeen
78 Faculty of Science, J.E. Purkinje University
79 Michigan State University System
80 NIPH - Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo]
81 Haukeland University Hospital
82 IMoPA - Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire
83 Washington DC Campus - The Chicago School of Professional Psychology [Washington, District of Columbia, USA]
84 MCMCC - Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology
85 Brain and Mind Institute
86 Department of Psychiatry
87 CIG - Center for Integrative Genomics - Institute of Bioinformatics, Génopode
88 Program in Genetics and Genomic Biology
89 KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research
90 UCC - University College Cork
91 Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)
92 Institute of Psychiatry
93 VA Boston Healthcare System
94 Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" = University of the Study of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
95 UniFI - Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence = Université de Florence
96 Kartini Clinic [Portland, Oregon, USA]
97 Department of Psychiatry
98 Head of Medical Sequencing
99 Vanderbilt University School of Medicine [Nashville]
100 SickKids - The Hospital for sick children [Toronto]
101 CRG-UPF - Center for Genomic Regulation
102 MEB - Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics
103 UniPi - University of Pisa [Italy] = Università di Pisa [Italia] = Université de Pise [Italie]
104 Division of Psychiatric Genomics
105 Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology
106 Department of Molecular Medicine [Scripps Research Institute]
107 MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics
108 LUMC - Leiden University Medical Center
109 Rivierduinen - Center for Eating Disorders Ursula [Leiden, The Netherlands]
110 MUL - Medical University of Łódź
111 JAX - The Jackson Laboratory [Bar Harbor]
112 Neurosciences Centre of Excellence in Drug Discovery
113 Universiteit Utrecht / Utrecht University [Utrecht]
114 SURFACES
115 EDC - Centre épigénétique et destin cellulaire
116 Human Genetics
117 Internal Medicine [Tuebingen, Germany]
118 ORI - Oregon Research Institute
119 University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande]
120 The Center for Eating Disorders at Sheppard Pratt [Baltimore, MD, USA]
121 Weill Medical College of Cornell University [New York]
122 Eating Recovery Center [Denver, CO, USA]
123 CAMH - Centre for Addiction and Mental Health [Toronto]
124 UC San Diego - University of California [San Diego]
125 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
126 David Geffen School of Medicine [Los Angeles]
127 Center for Genomic Medicine
128 Institute of Medical Science [Toronto]
129 Department of Psychiatry [Pittsburgh]
130 iPSYCH - The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research
131 GMM - Génétique des maladies multifactorielles
132 Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg [Göteborg]
133 Department of Genomics
134 YSM - Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut]
135 Indiana University School of Medicine
136 Mayo Clinic [Rochester]
137 Department of Psychiatry
138 SUNY Downstate Medical Center
139 Edin. - University of Edinburgh
140 Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center
141 School of Medicine [University of Utah, Salt Lake City]
142 University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty
143 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
144 Institute of Human Genetics - Department of Genomics [Bonn, Germany]
145 NIH - National Institutes of Health [Bethesda, MD, USA]
146 NIAAA - National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [Bethesda, MD, USA]
147 Universität Bonn = University of Bonn
148 Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg
149 HiLIFE - Helsinki Institute of Life Science
150 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health [Baltimore]
151 VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam]
152 MSI - Mathematical Sciences Institute
153 University of Colorado [Boulder]
154 Department of Psychiatry
155 BUSM - Boston University School of Medicine
156 Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University
157 Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry [Mannhein]
158 Harvard University
159 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus [Aurora]
160 University of Vermont [Burlington]
161 UNSW - University of New South Wales [Sydney]
162 Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf]
163 Genetics and Pathology
164 Center for Human Genetic Research
165 University of Iowa [Iowa City]
166 TU Wien - Vienna University of Technology = Technische Universität Wien
167 Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry
168 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
169 Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Unit
170 Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine (TRM); Department of Cell Therapy
171 Department of Psychiatry
172 PITT - University of Pittsburgh
173 University of Regensburg
174 Rush University Medical Center [Chicago]
175 University of Utah
176 Department of Psychiatry
177 Duke University Medical Center
178 UIC - University of Illinois [Chicago]
179 Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics
180 Dpt of Neuroscience [New York]
181 Laboratory of Neurogenetics
182 Department of Health and Human Services
183 UCONN - University of Connecticut
184 University of Colorado [Denver]
185 RTI International - Research Triangle Institute International
186 McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario]
187 CLinical Psychology
188 WUSTL - Washington University in Saint Louis
189 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Montréal]
190 YSPH - Yale School of Public Health
191 Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit
192 Flinders University [Adelaide, Australia]
193 UCM - Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid]
194 Department of Public Health
195 Department of Psychiatry
196 IUPUI - Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis
Hunna Watson
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 800531
- ORCID : 0000-0001-8405-381X
Anke Hinney
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 885542
Sven Cichon
- Fonction : Auteur
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Philippe Courtet
- Fonction : Auteur
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- IdRef : 060385022
George Dedoussis
- Fonction : Auteur
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- ORCID : 0000-0002-7798-6221
Christian Dina
- Fonction : Auteur
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- ORCID : 0000-0002-7722-7348
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Angela Favaro
- Fonction : Auteur
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Andreas Forstner
- Fonction : Auteur
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Sébastien Guillaume
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Hakon Hakonarson
- Fonction : Auteur
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Joanna Hauser
- Fonction : Auteur
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Stefan Herms
- Fonction : Auteur
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- ORCID : 0000-0002-2786-8200
Jacques Pantel
- Fonction : Auteur
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Nicolas Ramoz
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Janet Treasure
- Fonction : Auteur
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James Brian Alexander Mitchell
- Fonction : Auteur
Mikael Landén
- Fonction : Auteur
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Josef Frank
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 769356
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4867-9465
Jari Lahti
- Fonction : Auteur
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- ORCID : 0000-0002-4310-5297
Fabian Streit
- Fonction : Auteur
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- ORCID : 0000-0003-1080-4339
Hang Zhou
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 968301
Bertram Müller-Myhsok
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 763103
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- IdRef : 152975233
Alison Murray
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 775120
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5790-7584
Stephanie Witt
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 886505
Alison Goate
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 761457
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0576-2472
- IdRef : 186309759
David Goldman
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 885590
- ORCID : 0000-0002-1724-5405
Eric Johnson
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 776958
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Patrik K.E. Magnusson
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Marcella Rietschel
- Fonction : Auteur
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Patrick Sullivan
- Fonction : Auteur
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Gerome Breen
- Fonction : Auteur
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- IdRef : 147651077
Résumé
Eating disorders and substance use disorders frequently co-occur. Twin studies reveal shared genetic variance between liabilities to eating disorders and substance use, with the strongest associations between symptoms of bulimia nervosa and problem alcohol use (genetic correlation [rg ], twin-based = 0.23-0.53). We estimated the genetic correlation between eating disorder and substance use and disorder phenotypes using data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Four eating disorder phenotypes (anorexia nervosa [AN], AN with binge eating, AN without binge eating, and a bulimia nervosa factor score), and eight substance-use-related phenotypes (drinks per week, alcohol use disorder [AUD], smoking initiation, current smoking, cigarettes per day, nicotine dependence, cannabis initiation, and cannabis use disorder) from eight studies were included. Significant genetic correlations were adjusted for variants associated with major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Total study sample sizes per phenotype ranged from ~2400 to ~537 000 individuals. We used linkage disequilibrium score regression to calculate single nucleotide polymorphism-based genetic correlations between eating disorder- and substance-use-related phenotypes. Significant positive genetic associations emerged between AUD and AN (rg = 0.18; false discovery rate q = 0.0006), cannabis initiation and AN (rg = 0.23; q < 0.0001), and cannabis initiation and AN with binge eating (rg = 0.27; q = 0.0016). Conversely, significant negative genetic correlations were observed between three nondiagnostic smoking phenotypes (smoking initiation, current smoking, and cigarettes per day) and AN without binge eating (rgs = -0.19 to -0.23; qs < 0.04). The genetic correlation between AUD and AN was no longer significant after co-varying for major depressive disorder loci. The patterns of association between eating disorder- and substance-use-related phenotypes highlights the potentially complex and substance-specific relationships among these behaviors.
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