BACKGROUND: Launched in the US in 2012, Choosing Wisely® is a campaign promoted by the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Foundation with the goal of improving healthcare effectiveness by avoiding wasteful or unnecessary medical tests, treatments and procedures. It uses concise recommendations produced by national medical societies to start discussions between physicians and patients on the relevance of these services as part of a shared decision-making process. The Multiple Sclerosis Focus Group (Groupe de Reflexion Autour de la Sclérose en Plaques; GRESEP) undertook a pilot study to assess the relevance and feasibility of this approach in the management of multiple sclerosis (MS) in France. METHODS: Recommendations were developed using the formal consensus method from the guidelines of the French National Health Authority (HAS). A steering committee selected the themes and drafted concise evidence reviews. An independent rating group then assessed these recommendations for clarity, relevance and feasibility. RESULTS: Seven recommendations were accepted: (1) avoid systematic ordering of multimodal evoked potential studies for diagnosing MS; (2) do not treat MS relapses with low-dose oral corticosteroids; (3) when treating MS relapse with high-dose corticosteroids, the systematic use of the intravenous route is unnecessary if the oral route can be used; (4) systematic hospitalization is not necessary for treating MS relapse with high-dose corticosteroid therapy, particularly if the oral route is used, except for the first treated relapse and the presence of exclusion or non-eligibility criteria; (5) in the absence of clinical signs or symptoms of urinary infection, avoid systematic screening with urine microscopy and culture before the administration of corticosteroid therapy for MS relapse in patients using intermittent self-catheterization; (6) avoid antibiotic treatment of clinically asymptomatic MS patients using intermittent self-catheterization, even if urine microscopy and culture reveal the presence of microorganisms; and (7) avoid introducing symptomatic drug treatment for MS-related fatigue. CONCLUSION: This pilot study, the first of its kind in France, has demonstrated the relevance and feasibility of adapting the Choosing Wisely® model to MS by practitioners specializing in the disorder. However, the acceptability of these recommendations by other practitioners in other specialist fields as well as their impact on everyday clinical practices now need to be studied.