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                <title level="j">Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation</title>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">31</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="issue">6</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">1002-1013</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2016</date>
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                <term xml:lang="en">kidney transplantation</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">frequency</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">graft survival</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">operational tolerance</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">minimally immunosuppressed patients</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="sdv.mhep">Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
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              <p>BACKGROUND: Kidney recipients maintaining a prolonged allograft survival in the absence of immunosuppressive drugs and without evidence of rejection are supposed to be exceptional. The ERA-EDTA-DESCARTES working group together with Nantes University launched a European-wide survey to identify new patients, describe them and estimate their frequency for the first time.METHODS: Seventeen coordinators distributed a questionnaire in 256 transplant centres and 28 countries in order to report as many 'operationally tolerant' patients (TOL; defined as having a serum creatinine &lt;1.7 mg/dL and proteinuria &lt;1 g/day or g/g creatinine despite at least 1 year without any immunosuppressive drug) and 'almost tolerant' patients (minimally immunosuppressed patients (MIS) receiving low-dose steroids) as possible. We reported their number and the total number of kidney transplants performed at each centre to calculate their frequency.RESULTS: One hundred and forty-seven questionnaires were returned and we identified 66 TOL (61 with complete data) and 34 MIS patients. Of the 61 TOL patients, 26 were previously described by the Nantes group and 35 new patients are presented here. Most of them were noncompliant patients. At data collection, 31/35 patients were alive and 22/31 still operationally tolerant. For the remaining 9/31, 2 were restarted on immunosuppressive drugs and 7 had rising creatinine of whom 3 resumed dialysis. Considering all patients, 10-year death-censored graft survival post-immunosuppression weaning reached 85% in TOL patients and 100% in MIS patients. With 218 913 kidney recipients surveyed, cumulative incidences of operational tolerance and almost tolerance were estimated at 3 and 1.5 per 10 000 kidney recipients, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: In kidney transplantation, operational tolerance and almost tolerance are infrequent findings associated with excellent long-term death-censored graft survival.</p>
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          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-93275" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-562606" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Section of Clinical Immunology [Uppsala, Sweden]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="SE"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-50873" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-562607" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>UOS Trapianti Rene Pancreas [Parma, Italy]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Centro Trapianti di Parma</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="IT"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-327080" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-562608" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Department of Nephrology [Aachen, Germany]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="DE"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-337338" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="department" xml:id="struct-562609" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Section of Transplantation [Winston-Salem, NC, USA]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Department of Surgery</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="US"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-258663" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-303548" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562610" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>U.O.C. Trapianti D’Organo [L’Aquila, Italy]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="IT"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-562612" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Department of Nephrology [Ljubljana, Slovenia]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Renal Transplantation Centre Ljubljana</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="SI"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-562611" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-562614" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Kidney Diseases [Nijmegen, The Netherlands]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="NL"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-305057" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-562615" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Renal Transplant Unit [Amsterdam, The Netherlands]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Department of Nephrology</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="NL"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-551938" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-562616" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Unité de Transplantation Rénale et Pancréatique [CHU Sud, Amiens]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Service de Néphrologie</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300535" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-562618" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Department of Translational Medicine [Novara, Italy]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="IT"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-137012" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-456887" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Service de Néphrologie-Dialyse-Transplantation [Angers]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>4 Rue Larrey, 49100 Angers</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-74911" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-151939" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-455414" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Service de néphrologie et hémodialyse [CHU Strasbourg]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Strasbourg</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.chru-strasbourg.fr/poles/Specialites-Medicales-Ophtalmologie/Nephrologie-et-hemodialyse</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300149" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-211628" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-561469" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Pediatric Nephrology [Barcelona, Spain]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Vall d’Hebron Hospital</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="ES"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-98227" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-410219" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-562621" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Department of Nephrology [Izmir, Turkey]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="TR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-562620" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-562622" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Regional Nephrology Unit [Belfast, UK]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="GB"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-550682" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-562624" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto di rene [Ancona, Italy]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="IT"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-562623" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-562626" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Nephrology/Transplantation [Liverpool, UK]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="GB"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-562625" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-562628" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation [Leuven, Belgium]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="BE"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-327452" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-562630" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Nephrology Ward [Pilsen, Czech Republic]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Department of Internal Medicine</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="CZ"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-562629" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-495165" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03a5qrr21</idno>
          <orgName>Istanbul University</orgName>
          <date type="start">1453-05-30</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Istanbul University Main Campus34452 Beyazit/Fatih-Istanbul</addrLine>
              <country key="TR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.istanbul.edu.tr/tr/_</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562620" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Tepecik Training and Research Hospital [Izmir, Turkey]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="TR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-562770" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Servicio de Nefrología</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="ES"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-562769" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-562772" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Transplant Centre</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Kosice</addrLine>
              <country key="SK"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-562771" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-47709" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">027548325</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/048tbm396</idno>
          <orgName>Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UNITO</orgName>
          <date type="start">1404-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Via Verdi, 8 10124 Torino Italie</addrLine>
              <country key="IT"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.unito.it/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562773" status="VALID">
          <orgName>St. Orsola University Hospital</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Bologna</addrLine>
              <country key="IT"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-30978" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01111rn36</idno>
          <orgName>Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna = University of Bologna [Bologne]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UNIBO</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Via Zamboni, 33 - 40126 Bologna</addrLine>
              <country key="IT"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.eng.unibo.it/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562774" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">HUCA</orgName>
          <date type="start">1989-12-13</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Oviedo</addrLine>
              <country key="ES"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://huca.sespa.es/huca/web/index.asp</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-352702" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Centre Hospitalier de Roubaix</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>35, rue de Barbieux, CS 60359, 59056 Roubaix cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.ch-roubaix.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300851" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05xvt9f17</idno>
          <orgName>Leiden University Medical Center [Leiden]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LUMC</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, Universiteit Leiden - 1233 ZA, Leiden</addrLine>
              <country key="NL"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.lumc.nl</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-121723" type="direct"/>
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        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1073881" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Service Néphrologie, médecine interne et hypertension pédiatrique [CHU Toulouse]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Hôpital des enfants, 330, avenue de Grande Bretagne - TSA 70034 - 31059 Toulouse cedex 9</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.chu-toulouse.fr/-pediatrie-nephrologie-medecine-interne-et-</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-1153000" type="direct"/>
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        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-179009" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/00jpq0w62</idno>
          <orgName>Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CHRU Tours</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours2 Boulevard Tonnellé 37044 Tours cedex 9</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.chu-tours.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-527514" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío [Sevilla]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">HUVR</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Avda. Manuel Siurot, S/n, 41013 Sevilla, Espagne</addrLine>
              <country key="ES"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.hospitaluvrocio.es/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562790" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>University Medicine Göttingen</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Göttingen</addrLine>
              <country key="DE"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-504614" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Service de Néphrologie-Dialyse-Transplantation rénale [CHU Caen]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Centre Hospitalier UniversitaireAvenue de la Côte de NacreCS 3000114033 CAEN cedex 9</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.chu-caen.fr/nephrologie.html</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-7127" type="direct"/>
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            <relation active="#struct-300185" type="direct"/>
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        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-236940" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02k7v4d05</idno>
          <orgName>Universität Bern = University of Bern = Université de Berne</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UNIBE</orgName>
          <date type="start">1834-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Hochschulstrasse 4 - CH-3012 Bern</addrLine>
              <country key="CH"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.unibe.ch/eng/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-562791" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Transplantation rénale [CHU Grenoble]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
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          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-257328" type="direct"/>
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        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-1196521" status="VALID">
          <orgName>General University Hospital of Alicante</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="ES"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-323194" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Universitätsklinikum Ulm - University Hospital of Ulm</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Ulm, Allemagne</addrLine>
              <country key="DE"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.uniklinik-ulm.de/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562793" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Hospital Universitario Germans Trias I Pujol</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Barcelona</addrLine>
              <country key="ES"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-136748" status="VALID">
          <orgName>University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg</addrLine>
              <country key="DE"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-30151" type="direct"/>
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        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-301664" status="OLD">
          <idno type="IdRef">026404788</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2188 0914 </idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/0220k9r37</idno>
          <orgName>Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UPD5</orgName>
          <date type="start">1971-01-01</date>
          <date type="end">2019-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>12, rue de l'École de Médecine - 75270 Paris cedex 06</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.parisdescartes.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-414766" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>149 Rue de Sèvres 75015 Paris</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://hopital-necker.aphp.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300068" type="direct"/>
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        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-562795" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Service d'hémodialyse et de Néphrologie [Libourne]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-562794" type="direct"/>
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        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-353298" status="VALID">
          <orgName>CHRU - Service de néphrologie, dialyse et transplantation rénale</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, Boulevard TANGUY PRIGENT - 29200 BREST</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-356603" type="direct"/>
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        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-506757" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02869614X</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/049am9t04</idno>
          <orgName>Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">AP-HP</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://hopital-saintlouis.aphp.fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300068" type="direct"/>
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        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562796" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Kidney Transplant Az. Osp. G. Brotzu</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Cagliari</addrLine>
              <country key="IT"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562797" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0004 1771 2848</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04cbm7s05</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q5902948</idno>
          <orgName>Hospital Universitario Insular de Gran Canaria [Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Avenida Marítima del Sur, s/n.35016 - Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.</addrLine>
              <country key="ES"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www3.gobiernodecanarias.org/sanidad/scs/organica.jsp?idCarpeta=04d48f0a-541c-11de-9665-998e1388f7ed</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-558535" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>University Hospital in Krakow</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="PL"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562798" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Marmara School of Medicine Hastanesi</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Istanbul</addrLine>
              <country key="TR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-474972" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">034926445</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05c1qsg97</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q2945767</idno>
          <orgName>Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes = Nantes University Hospital</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CHU Nantes</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>1 Place Alexis-Ricordeau, 44000 Nantes</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.chu-nantes.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-303388" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">034905812</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2348 0746</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01r9htc13</idno>
          <orgName>Université libre de Bruxelles = Free University of Brussels</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ULB</orgName>
          <date type="start">1970-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50 - 1050 Bruxelles</addrLine>
              <country key="BE"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.ulb.be/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-254691" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moleculaire</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Brussels 1070</addrLine>
              <country key="BE"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-303388" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-562800" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Research Center of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research,</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Bruxelles</addrLine>
              <country key="BE"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-303388" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-562802" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Nephrology-Renal Transplantation Department</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="BE"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-303388" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-562801" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-1088220" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Hôpital Erasme = Erasmus Hospital = Erasmus Ziekenhuis</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">HUB-ULB</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Rte de Lennik 808, 1070 Bruxelles</addrLine>
              <country key="BE"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.erasme.ulb.ac.be/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-303623" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026388278</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02vjkv261</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INSERM</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>101, rue de Tolbiac, 75013 Paris</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.inserm.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-531638" status="OLD">
          <idno type="IdRef">076954927</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UFR MEDECINE</orgName>
          <date type="end">2021-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>1 rue Gaston Veil BP 53508 44035 NANTES Cedex 1</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.medecine.univ-nantes.fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-93263" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-93263" status="OLD">
          <idno type="IdRef">026403447</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03gnr7b55</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Nantes</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UN</orgName>
          <date type="end">2021-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>1, quai de Tourville - BP 13522 - 44035 Nantes cedex 1</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.univ-nantes.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-550646" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Hospital del Mar [Barcelona, Spain]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="ES"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-524346" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IKEM</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Vídeňská 1958/9140 21 Praha 4</addrLine>
              <country key="CZ"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.ikem.cz/cs/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-1062372" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/001w7jn25</idno>
          <orgName>Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Berlin University Medicine</orgName>
          <date type="start">1710-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Charitéplatz 1,10117 Berlin</addrLine>
              <country key="DE"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.charite.de/en/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-302377" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02wk2vx54</idno>
          <orgName>Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje / Универзитет „Св. Кирил и Методиј“ во Скопје [Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UKIM</orgName>
          <date type="start">1949-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>blvd. Goce Delcev 9, 1000 Skopje</addrLine>
              <country key="MK"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.ukim.edu.mk/en_index.php</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-305685" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026572346</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000121853326</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/00yae6e25</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q315658</idno>
          <orgName>University of Wrocław [Poland] = Uniwersytet Wrocławski [Polska] = Universität Breslau [Polen] = Université de Wrocław [Pologne]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UWr</orgName>
          <date type="start">1702-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Place Uniwersytecki 1, 50-137 Wrocław, Pologne</addrLine>
              <country key="PL"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://uwr.edu.pl</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-561996" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Istanbul School of Medicine [Istanbul, Turkey]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="TR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-1123965" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000417916429</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03mchdq19</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q3357360</idno>
          <orgName>Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen, Denmark]</orgName>
          <date type="start">1757-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Blegda​msvej 9 – 2100 Copenhagen – Denmark</addrLine>
              <country key="DK"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.rigshospitalet.dk/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-306997" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-306997" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000406467373</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05bpbnx46</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q5168500</idno>
          <orgName>Copenhagen University Hospital [Denmark] = Københavns Universitetshospital [Danmark]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">KUH</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="DK"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://sund.ku.dk/om-sund/organisation/hospitaler/universitetshospitalet/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300992" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">194001806</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000107219812</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01m1pv723</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q3145370</idno>
          <orgName>Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève = University Hospital of Geneva [Genève]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">HUG</orgName>
          <date type="start">1995-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4,1205 Genève</addrLine>
              <country key="CH"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.hug-ge.ch/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562000" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Order Hospital Linz Elisabethinen</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="AT"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.ordensklinikum.at/de/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-327087" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-327087" status="VALID">
          <orgName>General Hospital Linz</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Linz, Upper Austria</addrLine>
              <country key="AT"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-339338" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Southmead Hospital, NHS Trust [Bristol, UK]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Southmead Road,Westbury-on-Trym,Bristol, BS10 5NB</addrLine>
              <country key="GB"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.nbt.nhs.uk/our-hospitals/southmead-hospital</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562003" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/036x6gt55</idno>
          <orgName>North Bristol NHS Trust [Bristol, UK]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Southmead Hospital, Southmead Road, Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol BS10 5NB</addrLine>
              <country key="GB"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.nbt.nhs.uk/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-121723" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/027bh9e22</idno>
          <orgName>Universiteit Leiden = Leiden University</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Leiden University | 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands</addrLine>
              <country key="NL"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-63133" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04mhzgx49</idno>
          <orgName>Tel Aviv University</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">TAU</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Tel Aviv 699780</addrLine>
              <country key="IL"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://english.tau.ac.il/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562005" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Rabin Medical Center [Tel Aviv, Israël]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="IL"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-300097" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05cpv3t46</idno>
          <orgName>Hôpital Claude Huriez [Lille]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>rue Michel Polonowski, 59000 Lille</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.chu-lille.fr/hopital-huriez/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-425779" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-425779" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">034424636</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000404718845</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02ppyfa04</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q2945741</idno>
          <orgName>Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CHRU Lille</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>CHU/CHRU Lille - 2, avenue Oscar Lambret - 59037 Lille Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.chru-lille.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-93275" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05n3x4p02</idno>
          <orgName>Medical University of Vienna = Medizinische Universität Wien</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">MedUni Vienna</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Spitalgasse 23, A-1090 Vienna</addrLine>
              <country key="AT"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.meduniwien.ac.at/web/en/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-50873" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026431661</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/048a87296</idno>
          <orgName>Uppsala University</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Box 256, SE-751 05 Uppsala</addrLine>
              <country key="SE"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.uu.se/en/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-327080" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma = Maggiore Hospital in Parma</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Via Gramsci 14 – 43126 Parma</addrLine>
              <country key="IT"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-337338" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>University Hospital Aachen</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-258663" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Wake Forest School of Medicine [Winston-Salem]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Medical Center Boulevard Winston-Salem, N.C. 27157</addrLine>
              <country key="US"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-303548" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-303548" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04v8djg66</idno>
          <orgName>Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Winston-Salem</addrLine>
              <country key="US"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.wakehealth.edu/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562611" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0004 0571 7705</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01nr6fy72</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q6470942</idno>
          <orgName>University Medical Centre Ljubljana</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UMCL</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Zaloška cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana</addrLine>
              <country key="SI"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.kclj.si/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-305057" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05wg1m734</idno>
          <orgName>Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">RadboudUMC</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands</addrLine>
              <country key="NL"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.radboudumc.nl/EN</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-551938" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Academic Medical Center [Amsterdam, Netherlands]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="NL"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300535" status="VALID">
          <orgName>CHU Amiens-Picardie</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-137012" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>28100;Novara</addrLine>
              <country key="IT"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-74911" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026402920</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122483363</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04yrqp957</idno>
          <orgName>Université d'Angers</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UA</orgName>
          <date type="start">1971-10-25</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Université d'Angers - 40 Rue de Rennes, BP 73532 - 49035 Angers CEDEX 01</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.univ-angers.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-151939" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0004 0472 0283</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/0250ngj72</idno>
          <orgName>Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CHU Angers</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>4 rue Larrey - 49933 Angers cedex 9</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.chu-angers.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300149" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Strasbourg]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CHU Strasbourg</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.chru-strasbourg.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-211628" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-211628" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">030378842</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04bckew43</idno>
          <orgName>Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">HUS</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>1 place de l'hôpital BP 426 67091 Strasbourg cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.chru-strasbourg.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-98227" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2296 0625</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/052g8jq94</idno>
          <orgName>Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona = Autonomous University of Barcelona = Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UAB</orgName>
          <date type="start">1968-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>UAB Campus 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona</addrLine>
              <country key="ES"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.uab.cat/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-410219" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>C/ Natzaret, 115-11708035 Barcelona</addrLine>
              <country key="ES"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.vhio.net/about-vhio/en_hospital-vall-hebron.php</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-550682" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Belfast City Hospital [Belfast, UK]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="GB"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562623" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>AO Torrette Umberto I [Ancona, Italy]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="IT"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562625" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Royal Liverpool University Hospital [Liverpool, UK]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="GB"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-327452" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000406263338</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/0424bsv16</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q3318163</idno>
          <orgName>Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven = University Hospital of Leuven = Hopital universitaire de Louvain</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UZ Leuven</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven</addrLine>
              <country key="BE"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.uzleuven.be/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562629" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>University Hospital Pilsen [Pilsen, Czech Republic]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="CZ"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562769" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Hospital Universitario, A Coruña</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="ES"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-562771" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>University Hospital Louis Pasteur Kosice</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="SK"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-1153000" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Pôle Enfants [CHU Toulouse]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Toulouse</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300075" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300075" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CHU Toulouse</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>regroupe les hôpitaux  Purpan, Rangueil, Pierre-Paul Riquet, Larey, Paule de Viguier, Hôtel Dieu Saint-Jacques, La Grave, etc.</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.chu-toulouse.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-7127" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026403064</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000121864076</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/051kpcy16</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Caen Normandie</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UNICAEN</orgName>
          <date type="start">1432-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Esplanade de la Paix - CS 14032 - 14032 CAEN Cedex 5</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.unicaen.fr/</ref>
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