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            <funder>The ECRIN-IA grant from the EU FP7 (GA 284395) provided support for meetings and for the conduct of this review. The Mario Negri Institute housed the ECRIN-IA meeting in February 2013.</funder>
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                    <forename type="first">Snezana</forename>
                    <surname>Djurisic</surname>
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                    <forename type="first">Christian</forename>
                    <surname>Gluud</surname>
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                <idno type="issn">1745-6215</idno>
                <title level="j">Trials</title>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>BioMed Central</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">18</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">425</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2016-12</date>
                  <date type="dateEpub">2017</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.1186/s13063-017-2160-8</idno>
              <idno type="prodinra">409234</idno>
              <idno type="pubmed">28893297</idno>
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              <language ident="en">English</language>
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            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">Nutrition</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Evidence-based medicine</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Evidence-based clinical practice</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Randomised clinical trials</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">ECRIN</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Specific barriers</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">European Clinical Infrastructure Network</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Assessment</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="sdv">Life Sciences [q-bio]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="méthodologie de recherche">méthodologie de recherche</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="approche nutritionnelle">approche nutritionnelle</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="étude clinique">étude clinique</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="ART.ARTREV">Journal articles - Review article</classCode>
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              <p>BackgroundEvidence-based clinical research poses special barriers in the field of nutrition. The present review summarises the main barriers to research in the field of nutrition that are not common to all randomised clinical trials or trials on rare diseases and highlights opportunities for improvements.MethodsSystematic academic literature searches and internal European Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (ECRIN) communications during face-to-face meetings and telephone conferences from 2013 to 2017 within the context of the ECRIN Integrating Activity (ECRIN-IA) project.ResultsMany nutrients occur in multiple forms that differ in biological activity, and several factors can alter their bioavailability which raises barriers to their assessment. These include specific difficulties with blinding procedures, with assessments of dietary intake, and with selecting appropriate outcomes as patient-centred outcomes may occur decennia into the future. The methodologies and regulations for drug trials are, however, applicable to nutrition trials.ConclusionsResearch on clinical nutrition should start by collecting clinical data systematically in databases and registries. Measurable patient-centred outcomes and appropriate study designs are needed. International cooperation and multistakeholder engagement are key for success.</p>
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          <idno type="Wikidata">Q3357360</idno>
          <orgName>Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen, Denmark]</orgName>
          <date type="start">1757-01-01</date>
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              <addrLine>Blegda​msvej 9 – 2100 Copenhagen – Denmark</addrLine>
              <country key="DK"/>
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          <idno type="Wikidata">Q5168500</idno>
          <orgName>Copenhagen University Hospital [Denmark] = Københavns Universitetshospital [Danmark]</orgName>
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            <ref type="url">https://sund.ku.dk/om-sund/organisation/hospitaler/universitetshospitalet/</ref>
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              <addrLine>Smedelundsgade 60, 4300 Holbæk</addrLine>
              <country key="DK"/>
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            <ref type="url">https://www.holbaeksygehus.dk/</ref>
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