%0 Journal Article %T Allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF-1) is a new human adipokine involved in adipose inflammation in obese women. %+ Department of Medicine Huddinge %+ Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC) %A Lorente-Cebrián, Silvia %A Decaunes, Pauline %A Dungner, Elisabeth %A Bouloumié, Anne %A Arner, Peter %A Dahlman, Ingrid %Z This work has been supported by Swedish Research Council, Novo Nordic Foundation, Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg Foundation, Stockholm Country Council/ALF, Nordic Centre of Excellence on Systems biology in controlled dietary interventions and cohort studies (SYSDIET, No. 070014), Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation and Swedish Diabetes Foundation. The excellent technical assistance of Eva Sjölin, Kerstin Wåhlén, Britt-Marie Leijonhufvud, Katarina Hertel and Yvonne Wislund is gratefully acknowledged. %< avec comité de lecture %@ 1472-6823 %J BMC Endocrine Disorders %I BioMed Central %V 13 %N 1 %P 54 %8 2013 %D 2013 %R 10.1186/1472-6823-13-54 %M 24267103 %K AIF-1 %K Adipokines %K Obesity %K Adipose tissue %Z Life Sciences [q-bio]/GeneticsJournal articles %X BACKGROUND: Allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF-1) is a putative obesity gene. Our aim was to examine the expression of AIF-1 in human white adipose tissue (WAT) in relation to obesity and metabolic phenotypes in women. METHODS: WAT secretion of AIF-1 was determined in subcutaneous adipose tissue pieces in vitro by ELISA from 5 subjects. mRNA expression of AIF-1 was determined by RT-qPCR in the isolated cell fractions of adipose tissue (n = 5-6 per group), in subcutaneous and visceral WAT pieces from non-obese (n = 12) and obese women (n = 23), and in some subcutaneous WAT also before and after weight reduction (n = 10). Finally, adipose AIF-1 mRNA was related to metabolic phenotypes in 96 subjects with a wide range of BMI. RESULTS: AIF-1 was secreted in a time dependent fashion from WAT. The major source of AIF-1 was WAT resident macrophages. Expression of AIF-1 was similar in visceral and subcutaneous WAT and was two-fold increased in obese women (P < 0.01). AIF-1 mRNA expression levels were normalized after weight reduction (P < 0.01). Expression of AIF-1 was inversely correlated with insulin sensitivity as assessed by insulin tolerance test (KITT), and circulating levels of adiponectin (P = 0.02), and positively correlated with insulin resistance as estimated by HOMA (=0.0042). CONCLUSIONS: AIF-1 is a novel adipokine produced mainly by macrophages within human WAT. Its expression is increased in obese women and associates with unfavourable metabolic phenotypes. AIF-1 may play a paracrine role in the regulation of WAT function through cross-talk between macrophages and other cell types within the adipose tissue. %G English %2 https://inserm.hal.science/inserm-00919506/document %2 https://inserm.hal.science/inserm-00919506/file/1472-6823-13-54.pdf %L inserm-00919506 %U https://inserm.hal.science/inserm-00919506 %~ INSERM %~ UNIV-TLSE3 %~ UNIV-UT3 %~ UT3-INP %~ UT3-TOULOUSEINP %~ I2MC