%0 Journal Article %T Retinoic acid regulates olfactory progenitor cell fate and differentiation. %+ Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC) %+ Laboratory for Sensory Development %A Paschaki, Marie %A Cammas, Laura %A Muta, Yuko %A Matsuoka, Yoko %A Mak, Siu-Shan %A Rataj-Baniowska, Monika %A Fraulob, Valérie %A Dollé, Pascal %A Ladher, Raj %Z . This work was supported by the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) long-term fellowships (to MP), intramural funding from RIKEN Center of Developmental Biology (to RKL), JSPS Grant-in-Aid (to MP), grants from Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) and Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM) and institutional funding from CNRS, INSERM, and Université de Strasbourg (to PD). %< avec comité de lecture %@ 1749-8104 %J Neural Development %I BioMed Central %V 8 %N 1 %P 13 %8 2013-07-05 %D 2013 %R 10.1186/1749-8104-8-13 %M 23829703 %K Retinoid signaling %K Sensory systems %K Stem cells %K Olfactory neurons %K Neuronal differentiation %K RALDH %Z Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] %Z Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development BiologyJournal articles %X BACKGROUND: In order to fulfill their chemosensory function, olfactory neurons are in direct contact with the external environment and are therefore exposed to environmental aggressive factors. Olfaction is maintained through life because, unlike for other sensory neuroepithelia, olfactory neurons have a unique capacity to regenerate after trauma. The mechanisms that control the ontogenesis and regenerative ability of these neurons are not fully understood. Here, we used various experimental approaches in two model systems (chick and mouse) to assess the contribution of retinoic acid signaling in the induction of the olfactory epithelium, the generation and maintenance of progenitor populations, and the ontogenesis and differentiation of olfactory neurons. RESULTS: We show that retinoic acid signaling, although dispensable for initial induction of the olfactory placode, plays a key role in neurogenesis within this neuroepithelium. Retinoic acid depletion in the olfactory epithelium, both in chick and mouse models, results in a failure of progenitor cell maintenance and, consequently, differentiation of olfactory neurons is not sustained. Using an explant system, we further show that renewal of olfactory neurons is hindered if the olfactory epithelium is unable to synthesize retinoic acid. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that retinoic acid is not a simple placodal inductive signal, but rather controls olfactory neuronal production by regulating the fate of olfactory progenitor cells. Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 3 (RALDH3) is the key enzyme required to generate retinoic acid within the olfactory epithelium. %G English %2 https://inserm.hal.science/inserm-00846560/document %2 https://inserm.hal.science/inserm-00846560/file/1749-8104-8-13.pdf %L inserm-00846560 %U https://inserm.hal.science/inserm-00846560 %~ INSERM %~ CNRS %~ IGBMC %~ UNIV-STRASBG %~ SITE-ALSACE %~ FRM